Overview

For a full list of publications, please see my Google Scholar Page

I’m a PI within the biomedical physics group (Translational Biophotonics), and my research sits under the Biomedical spectroscopy and imaging research theme. My research sits at the interface of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, where I’m interested in how we can develop vibrational spectroscopy to solve real world problems, ranging from medicine to industry.  Previously I have worked to develop the capabilities of Deep Raman spectroscopy, which comprises Spatially offset Raman Spectroscopy (SORS) and  Transmission Raman (TRS). My research pioneered the concept of non-invasive, chemically specific at depth / through barrier temperature sensing. More about how this work has been further developed can be read here. In addition, I have worked on the clinical translation of TRS as a tool to support mammography. A prototype device was trialled at the Royal Devon and Exeter hospital to assess tissue removed as part of clinical intervention for breast cancer, specifically to asses calcifications which are currently underutilised in the clinical pathway decisions. My PhD project investigated protein misfolding i.e. probing kinetics of protein aggregation and fibrillogenesis using a number of biophysics techniques including Raman spectroscopy and Raman optical activity (ROA).

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Publications

_{Copyright Notice: Any articles made available for download are for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the copyright holder.}

| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2010 |

2024

• Gardner B, Haskell J, Matousek P, Stone N. (2024) Guided principal component analysis (GPCA): a simple method for improving detection of a known analyte, The Analyst, volume 149, no. 1, pages 205-211, DOI:10.1039/d3an00820g. [PDF]

2023

• Haskell J, Hubbard T, Murray C, Gardner B, Ives C, Ferguson D, Stone N. (2023) High wavenumber Raman spectroscopy for intraoperative assessment of breast tumour margins, Analyst, volume 148, no. 18, pages 4373-4385, DOI:10.1039/d3an00574g. [PDF]
• Mosca S, Sowoidnich K, Mehta M, Skinner WH, Gardner B, Palombo F, Stone N, Matousek P. (2023) 10 kHz Shifted-Excitation Raman Difference Spectroscopy with Charge-Shifting Charge-Coupled Device Read-Out for Effective Mitigation of Dynamic Interfering Backgrounds, Applied Spectroscopy, volume 77, no. 6, pages 569-582, DOI:10.1177/00037028231167441. [PDF]

2022

• Mosca S, Gardner B, Salimi M, Palombo F, Stone N, Matousek P. (2022) Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy for estimating the depth of inclusion in diffusely scattering samples, Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.
• Dey P, Vaideanu A, Mosca S, Salimi M, Gardner B, Palombo F, Uchegbu I, Baumberg J, Schatzlein A, Matousek P. (2022) Surface enhanced deep Raman detection of cancer tumour through 71 mm of heterogeneous tissue, Nanotheranostics, volume 6, no. 3, pages 337-349, DOI:10.7150/ntno.71510. [PDF]
• Salimi M, Mosca S, Gardner B, Palombo F, Matousek P, Stone N. (2022) Nanoparticle-Mediated Photothermal Therapy Limitation in Clinical Applications Regarding Pain Management, Nanomaterials, volume 12, no. 6, pages 922-922, DOI:10.3390/nano12060922. [PDF]

2021

• Moran L, Wordingham F, Gardner B, Stone N, Harries T. (2021) An experimental and numerical modelling investigation of the optical properties of Intralipid using deep Raman spectroscopy, Analyst, DOI:10.1039/D1AN01801A.
• Mosca S, Dey P, Salimi M, Gardner B, Palombo F, Stone N, Matousek P. (2021) Estimating the Reduced Scattering Coefficient of Turbid Media Using Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy, Anal Chem, volume 93, no. 7, pages 3386-3392, DOI:10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04290. [PDF]
• Gardner B, Matousek P, Stone N. (2021) Self-absorption corrected non-invasive transmission Raman spectroscopy (of biological tissue), The Analyst, volume 146, no. 4, pages 1260-1267, DOI:10.1039/d0an01940b. [PDF]

2020

• Gardner B, Haskell J, Ghita A, Matousek P, Ives C, Ferguson D, Stone N. (2020) P123: Preliminary evaluation of raman spectroscopy to detect calcifications in excised breast tissue: A prelude to the first in vivo whole breast study, European Journal of Surgical Oncology, volume 46, no. 6, pages e43-e44, DOI:10.1016/j.ejso.2020.03.162.
• Bailey M, Gardner B, Alunni-Cardinali M, Caponi S, Fioretto D, Stone N, Palombo F. (2020) Monitoring the refractive index of tissue models using light scattering spectroscopy, DOI:10.48550/arxiv.2009.02274.
• Bailey M, Gardner B, Alunni-Cardinali M, Caponi S, Fioretto D, Stone N, Palombo F. (2020) Monitoring the refractive index of tissue models using light scattering spectroscopy, Appl. Spectrosc, volume 75, pages 574-580. [PDF]
• Guo S, Beleites C, Neugebauer U, Abalde-Cela S, Afseth NK, Alsamad F, Anand S, Araujo-Andrade C, Aškrabić S, Avci E. (2020) Comparability of Raman Spectroscopic Configurations: A Large Scale Cross-Laboratory Study, Anal Chem, volume 92, no. 24, pages 15745-15756, DOI:10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02696. [PDF]
• Gardner B, Stone N, Matousek P. (2020) Noninvasive simultaneous monitoring of pH and depth using surface-enhanced deep Raman spectroscopy, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, volume 51, no. 7, pages 1078-1082, DOI:10.1002/jrs.5875.

2019

• Gardner B, Matousek P, Stone N. (2019) Subsurface Chemically Specific Measurement of pH Levels in Biological Tissues Using Combined Surface-Enhanced and Deep Raman, Anal Chem, volume 91, no. 17, pages 10984-10987, DOI:10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01015. [PDF]
• Martinez Pancorbo P, Thummavichai K, Clark L, Tabish TA, Mansfield J, Gardner B, Chang H, Stone N, Zhu Y. (2019) Novel Au–SiO2–WO3 Core–Shell Composite Nanoparticles for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy with Potential Application in Cancer Cell Imaging, Adv. Funct. Mater, volume 29, no. 46, DOI:10.1002/adfm.201903549. [PDF]
• Gardner B, Matousek P, Stone N. (2019) Direct monitoring of light mediated hyperthermia induced within mammalian tissues using surface enhanced spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (T-SESORS), Analyst, volume 144, no. 11, pages 3552-3555, DOI:10.1039/c8an02466a. [PDF]
• Chudasama D, Katopodis P, Stone N, Haskell J, Sheridan H, Gardner B, Urnovitz H, Schuetz E, Beck J, Hall M. (2019) Liquid Biopsies in Lung Cancer: Four Emerging Technologies and Potential Clinical Applications, Cancers (Basel), volume 11, no. 3, DOI:10.3390/cancers11030331. [PDF]

2018

• Pahlow S, Weber K, Popp J, Wood BR, Kochan K, Rüther A, Perez-Guaita D, Heraud P, Stone N, Dudgeon A. (2018) Application of Vibrational Spectroscopy and Imaging to Point-of-Care Medicine: A Review, Appl Spectrosc, volume 72, no. 1_suppl, pages 52-84, DOI:10.1177/0003702818791939. [PDF]

2017

• Gardner B, Stone N, Matousek P. (2017) Noninvasive Determination of Depth in Transmission Raman Spectroscopy in Turbid Media Based on Sample Differential Transmittance, Anal Chem, volume 89, no. 18, pages 9730-9733, DOI:10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01469. [PDF]

2016

• Gardner B, Stone N, Matousek P. (2016) Non-invasive chemically specific measurement of subsurface temperature in biological tissues using surface-enhanced spatially offset Raman spectroscopy, Faraday Discuss, volume 187, pages 329-339, DOI:10.1039/c5fd00154d. [PDF]
• Butler HJ, Ashton L, Bird B, Cinque G, Curtis K, Dorney J, Esmonde-White K, Fullwood NJ, Gardner B, Martin-Hirsch PL. (2016) Using Raman spectroscopy to characterize biological materials, Nat Protoc, volume 11, no. 4, pages 664-687, DOI:10.1038/nprot.2016.036. [PDF]
• Gardner B, Matousek P, Stone N. (2016) Temperature Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy (T-SORS): Subsurface Chemically Specific Measurement of Temperature in Turbid Media Using Anti-Stokes Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy, Anal Chem, volume 88, no. 1, pages 832-837, DOI:10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03360. [PDF]

2015

• Iping Petterson IE, Day JCC, Fullwood LM, Gardner B, Stone N. (2015) Characterisation of a fibre optic Raman probe within a hypodermic needle, Anal Bioanal Chem, volume 407, no. 27, pages 8311-8320, DOI:10.1007/s00216-015-9021-7. [PDF]
• Vardaki MZ, Gardner B, Stone N, Matousek P. (2015) Studying the distribution of deep Raman spectroscopy signals using liquid tissue phantoms with varying optical properties, Analyst, volume 140, no. 15, pages 5112-5119, DOI:10.1039/c5an01118c. [PDF]

2010

• Nundlall S, Rajpar MH, Bell PA, Clowes C, Zeeff LAH, Gardner B, Thornton DJ, Boot-Handford RP, Briggs MD. (2010) An unfolded protein response is the initial cellular response to the expression of mutant matrilin-3 in a mouse model of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, Cell Stress and Chaperones, volume 15, no. 6, pages 835-849, DOI:10.1007/s12192-010-0193-y. [PDF]

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